Influence of body fat in patients with dental implant rehabilitation treated with adjunctive photodynamic therapy

Saad Alresayes; Modhi Al Deeb; Sameer A Mokeem; Nawwaf Al-Hamoudi; Paras Ahmad; Khulud A Al-Aali; Fahim Vohra; Tariq Abduljabbar

doi:10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.101831

Influence of body fat in patients with dental implant rehabilitation treated with adjunctive photodynamic therapy

Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther. 2020 Sep:31:101831. doi: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.101831. Epub 2020 May 22.

Authors

Saad Alresayes¹, Modhi Al Deeb¹, Sameer A Mokeem², Nawwaf Al-Hamoudi², Paras Ahmad³, Khulud A Al-Aali⁴, Fahim Vohra⁵, Tariq Abduljabbar⁶

Affiliations

¹ Department of Prosthetic Dental Science, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11545, Saudi Arabia.
² Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11545, Saudi Arabia.
³ AO Research Institute Davos, 7270, Davos Platz, Switzerland.
⁴ Department Of Clinical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Saudi Arabia.
⁵ Department of Prosthetic Dental Science, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11545, Saudi Arabia; Research Chair for Biological Research in Dental Health, College of Dentistry, Riyadh, 11545, Saudi Arabia.
⁶ Department of Prosthetic Dental Science, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11545, Saudi Arabia; Research Chair for Biological Research in Dental Health, College of Dentistry, Riyadh, 11545, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: tajabbar@ksu.edu.sa.

PMID: 32450302
DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.101831

Abstract

Background: Obesity appears to govern peri-implant hard and soft tissue health. We hypothesized that adjunctive photodynamic therapy (aPDT), improves clinical peri-implant perimeters and alleviates peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF) levels of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6 and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) in obese with moderate peri-implantitis. The current clinic-laboratory study aimed to determine whether obesity influences the outcomes of aPDT in patients with moderate peri-implantitis.

Methods: A total of 49 patients (24 obese and 25 non-obese) with moderate periodontitis receiving aPDT were included. Clinical characteristics including peri-implant probing depth (PIPD), peri-implant bleeding on probing (PIBOP), and peri-implant plaque index (PIPI) were measured. PICF levels of TNF-a, IL-6 and hsCRP were assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Both clinical and cytokine assessments were performed at baseline, three months and six months, respectively. Intra-group comparisons of changes in clinical parameters pre and post PDT was performed using Friedman test. Comparison of changes of TNF-a, IL-6 and hsCRP levels within group was performed using Kruskal-Wallis test.

Results: When compared with the baseline, a considerable reduction in PIPI, PIBOP and PIPD was observed in obese as well as non-obese patients at three- and six-months follow-up. At three months follow-up, a statistically significant difference was observed in PIPI (p < 0.05), PIBOP (p < 0.05) and PIPD (p < 0.05) among obese and non-obese individuals. Additionally, when compared with the baseline, a statistically significant difference was noticed in PICF volume (p < 0.05) and levels of TNF-α (p < 0.05) and IL-6 (p < 0.05) in non-obese as well as obese at three- and six-months follow-up.

Conclusion: With the application of aPDT, considerable improvement was observed in peri-implant inflammatory parameters among obese and non-obese patients with moderate peri-implantitis. Obesity did not appear to influence aPDT outcome in patients with moderate peri-implantitis.

Keywords: Obesity; Peri-Implantitis; Photodynamic therapy.

MeSH terms

Adipose Tissue
Dental Implants*
Gingival Crevicular Fluid
Humans
Peri-Implantitis* / drug therapy
Photochemotherapy* / methods
Photosensitizing Agents / therapeutic use

Substances

Dental Implants
Photosensitizing Agents