Trait mindfulness differentiates the interest in healthy diet from orthorexia nervosa

Eat Weight Disord. 2021 Apr;26(3):993-998. doi: 10.1007/s40519-020-00927-2. Epub 2020 May 22.

Abstract

Background: Obsessive healthy eating and its extreme form orthorexia nervosa are epidemiologically significant problems. Mindfulness, the focused, non-judgmental attention to and awareness of present events, may be an important psychological contributor to (orthorexic) eating habits.

Methods: In this cross-sectional survey-based study, 314 women and 75 men (mean agetotal sample = 27.17 years, SD = 10.64) provided data on mindfulness (Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory, presence and acceptance subscale) and orthorexic eating (Teruel Orthorexia Scale, healthy orthorexia and orthorexia nervosa subscale).

Results: In this study, we found a positive relation between mindfulness and healthy orthorexia, the non-pathological interest in eating healthy. By contrast, orthorexia nervosa, the pathological obsession with healthy eating, was negatively associated with mindfulness. Gender differences appeared neglectable.

Conclusion: Taken together, these results confirm previous research showing that mindfulness encourages eating healthy and may protect against eating-related pathologies. Result also support the notion that orthorexia has two dimensions, healthy and nervosa, which are differently related to psychological factors, herein mindfulness.

Level of evidence: Level III, cohort study.

Keywords: Gender; Healthy orthorexia; Mindfulness; Orthorexia nervosa.

MeSH terms

  • Cohort Studies
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Diet, Healthy
  • Feeding and Eating Disorders*
  • Female
  • Health Behavior
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Mindfulness*