Electronic cigarettes and toxic substances, including arsenic species

Affiliations

• ¹ Division of Analytical and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, 10-102 Clinical Sciences Building, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G3, Canada; College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
• ² Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
• ³ Division of Analytical and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, 10-102 Clinical Sciences Building, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G3, Canada; Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
• ⁴ Division of Analytical and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, 10-102 Clinical Sciences Building, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G3, Canada. Electronic address: xingfang.li@ualberta.ca.