In situ immobilization of ultra-fine Ag NPs onto magnetic Ag@RF@Fe3O4 core-satellite nanocomposites for the rapid catalytic reduction of nitrophenols

Abstract

Novel magnetic Ag@RF@Fe₃O₄ core-satellite (MCS) nanocomposites were prepared through in situ photoreduction upon bridging Fe(III) and Ag⁺ via hydroxyl groups in resorcinol formaldehyde (RF) resin by virtue of the coordination effect. The catalytic activity of MCS nanocomposites was evaluated based on catalytic 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) reduction with NaBH₄ as the reducing agent. It was noteworthy that the MCS-3 was beneficial to obtain a superior reaction rate constant of 2.27 min^-1 and a TOF up to 72.7 h^-1. Moreover, the MCS could be easily recovered by applying an external magnetic field and was reused for five times without significantly decrease in catalytic activity. Kinetic and thermodynamic study revealed that catalytic 4-NP reduction using MCS nanocatalysts obeyed the Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism and was controlled by the diffusion rate of substrates. Overall, the immobilization of ultra-fine Ag nanoparticles and the extremely negative potentials around MCS nanocomposites, which were effective for the diffusion of reactants, synergistically accelerated the catalytic reduction reactions.

Keywords: Core-satellite structure; Kinetic and thermodynamic study; Magnetic nanocomposite; Nitrophenol reduction; Silver nanoparticles.