Bladder has many important functions as a urine storage and voiding organ. Bladder injury caused by various pathological factors may need bladder reconstruction. Currently the standard procedure for bladder reconstruction is gastrointestinal replacement. However, due to the significant difference in their structure and function, intestinal segment replacement may lead to complications such as hematuria, dysuria, calculi and tumor. With the recent advance in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, new techniques have emerged for the repair of bladder defects. This paper reviews the recent progress in three aspects of urinary bladder tissue engineering, i.e., seeding cells, scaffolds and growth factors.
膀胱作为储尿排尿器官具有重要的生理功能，许多病理原因导致的膀胱损伤往往需要进行膀胱重建。临床上膀胱重建的金标准是胃肠道代膀胱术，但是胃肠道的结构和功能与膀胱有着本质的区别，导致肠段置换术易产生血尿、排尿困难、结石、肿瘤等并发症。近年来，随着组织工程及再生医学的诞生及发展，为膀胱缺损修复提供了新的思路和技术手段。本文就膀胱组织工程的三个方面——种子细胞、支架材料及生长因子的最新进展进行了综述。.
Keywords: bladder tissue engineering; growth factor; scaffold; seeding cell.