Low-Osmolality Carbohydrate-Electrolyte Solution Ingestion Avoid Fluid Loss and Oxidative Stress After Exhaustive Endurance Exercise

Wen-Ching Huang; Yu-Tang Tung; Mai-Szu Wu; Ming-Che Liu; Tsai-Jung Lin; Ming-Ta Yang

doi:10.3390/antiox9040336

Low-Osmolality Carbohydrate-Electrolyte Solution Ingestion Avoid Fluid Loss and Oxidative Stress After Exhaustive Endurance Exercise

Antioxidants (Basel). 2020 Apr 20;9(4):336. doi: 10.3390/antiox9040336.

Authors

Wen-Ching Huang¹, Yu-Tang Tung², Mai-Szu Wu^{3

4

5}, Ming-Che Liu^{6

7

8

9}, Tsai-Jung Lin¹⁰, Ming-Ta Yang¹¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Exercise and Health Science, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei 11219, Taiwan.
² Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11301, Taiwan.
³ TMU Research Center of Urology and Kidney, Taipei Medicine University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan.
⁴ Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 110301, Taiwan.
⁵ Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan.
⁶ Department of Urology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110301, Taiwan.
⁷ Clinical Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110301, Taiwan.
⁸ School of Dental Technology, College of oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan.
⁹ Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan.
¹⁰ School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan.
¹¹ Center for General Education, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan.

Abstract

Low-osmolality carbohydrate-electrolyte solution (LCS) ingestion can replace losses from exercise-induced dehydration, but the benefits of LCS ingestion strategy after exhaustive endurance exercise (EEE) remain unknown. The present study evaluated the effects of LCS ingestion on dehydration, oxidative stress, renal function, and aerobic capacity after EEE. In our study with its double-blind, crossover, counterbalanced design, 12 healthy male participants were asked to consume LCS (150 mL four times per hour) or placebo (water) 1 h before and 1 h after EEE. All participants completed a graded exercise test to exhaustion on a treadmill for the determination of maximal oxygen consumption (VO_2max), applied to further intensity calibration, and then completed the EEE test. The average heart rate, maximal heart rate, running time to exhaustion, and peak oxygen uptake (VO_2peak) were recorded during the exercise period. The participants' body weight was recorded at different time points before and after the EEE to calculate the dehydration rate. Blood samples were drawn at baseline and before, immediately after, 1 h after, and 2 h after EEE to determine indicators of oxidative stress and renal function. The results indicated that the dehydration rates in participants with LCS ingestion at 15 min, 30 min, and 45 min after EEE were significantly lower than in participants with placebo ingestion (-1.86 ± 0.47% vs. -2.24 ± 0.72%; -1.78 ± 0.50% vs. -2.13 ± 0.74%; -1.54 ± 0.51% vs. -1.94 ± 0.72%, respectively; p < 0.05). In addition, the concentration of catalase in participants with LCS ingestion immediately after EEE was significantly higher than in participants with placebo ingestion (2046.21 ± 381.98 nmol/min/mL vs. 1820.37 ± 417.35 nmol/min/mL; p < 0.05). Moreover, the concentration of protein carbonyl in participants with LCS ingestion immediately after EEE was slightly lower than in participants with placebo ingestion (2.72 ± 0.31 nmol carbonyl/mg protein vs. 2.89 ± 0.43 nmol carbonyl/mg protein; p = 0.06). No differences were noted for other variables. Our findings conclude that LCS ingestion can effectively avoid fluid loss and oxidative stress after EEE. However, LCS ingestion had no benefits for renal function or aerobic capacity.

Keywords: antioxidation; dehydration; exhaustive endurance exercise; oxidative stress; rehydration solution.