SNGH16 regulates cell autophagy to promote Sorafenib Resistance through suppressing miR-23b-3p via sponging EGR1 in hepatocellular carcinoma

Cancer Med. 2020 Jun;9(12):4324-4338. doi: 10.1002/cam4.3020. Epub 2020 Apr 23.

Abstract

Objective: Tumor cells could acquire drug resistance through cell autophagy. This study aimed to explore the role of SNHG16 in sorafenib-resistant HCC cells and its mechanism with miR-23b-3p.

Methods: The sorafenib-resistant Hep3B cell model was established. The SNHG16 and miR-23b-3p gene expressions were determined in normal HCC and sorafenib-resistant HCC tissues. Detection of the expression of SNHG16 and miR-23b-3p and its respective correlation with survival rate were performed. Target genes to SNHG16 and miR-23b-3p were predicted, and verified by dual-fluorescent reporter assay. The effects of SNHG16 and miR-23b-3p on SNHG16, miR-23b-3p, EGR1 expression, viability, apoptosis as well as LC3II/LC3 expression in Hep3B and Hep3B/So cells were detected by qRT-PCR, CCK-8, flow cytometry, and western blot. In in vivo studies, the NOD/SCID mice model was established to explore the effects of Hep3B and Hep3B/So cells with inhibited SNHG16 or miR-23b-3p on tumor size, EGR1 expression, and autophagy.

Results: High SNHG16 expression in HCC-resistant tissues and low miR-23b-3p expression in all HCC tissues were detected, and the two were negatively correlated. Low SNHG16 and high miR-23b-3p were related to a high survival rate of HCC patients. Moreover, SNHG16 overexpression promoted Hep3B/So cell viability and autophagy, suppressed apoptosis by inhibiting miR-23b-3p expression through up-regulating EGR1, however, the effect of si-SNHG16 was opposite. In in vivo studies, miR-23b-3p inhibitor suppressed the high sorafenib sensitivity in Hep3B/So cells caused by SNHG16 silencing through promoting viability, autophagy, and suppressing apoptosis.

Conclusion: SNHG16 promotes Hep3B/So cell viability, autophagy, and inhibits apoptosis to maintain its resistance to sorafenib through regulating the expression of miR-23b-3p via sponging EGR1.

Keywords: EGR1; MiR-23b-3p; SNHG16; hepatocellular carcinoma; sorafenib resistance.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology
  • Apoptosis
  • Biomarkers, Tumor / genetics
  • Biomarkers, Tumor / metabolism
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / drug therapy*
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / genetics
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / metabolism
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / pathology
  • Cell Proliferation
  • Early Growth Response Protein 1 / genetics
  • Early Growth Response Protein 1 / metabolism*
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic*
  • Humans
  • Liver Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Liver Neoplasms / genetics
  • Liver Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Liver Neoplasms / pathology
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred NOD
  • Mice, SCID
  • MicroRNAs / genetics
  • Prognosis
  • RNA, Long Noncoding / genetics*
  • Sorafenib / pharmacology*
  • Survival Rate
  • Tumor Cells, Cultured
  • Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Biomarkers, Tumor
  • EGR1 protein, human
  • Early Growth Response Protein 1
  • MIRN23b microRNA, human
  • MicroRNAs
  • RNA, Long Noncoding
  • SNHG16 lncRNA, human
  • Sorafenib