Sleep Quality of Hospitalized Patients, Contributing Factors, and Prevalence of Associated Disorders

Santi Kulpatcharapong; Pol Chewcharat; Kiat Ruxrungtham; Sutep Gonlachanvit; Tanisa Patcharatrakul; Busarakum Chaitusaney; Dittapol Muntham; Sirimon Reutrakul; Naricha Chirakalwasan

doi:10.1155/2020/8518396

Sleep Quality of Hospitalized Patients, Contributing Factors, and Prevalence of Associated Disorders

Sleep Disord. 2020 Jan 20:2020:8518396. doi: 10.1155/2020/8518396. eCollection 2020.

Authors

Santi Kulpatcharapong^{1

2}, Pol Chewcharat³, Kiat Ruxrungtham^{1

2

4}, Sutep Gonlachanvit^{1

2

5}, Tanisa Patcharatrakul^{1

2

5}, Busarakum Chaitusaney⁶, Dittapol Muntham^{6

7}, Sirimon Reutrakul^{8

9}, Naricha Chirakalwasan^{1

2

6

10}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
² King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand.
³ Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
⁴ Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
⁵ Center of Excellence in Neurogastroenterology and Motility, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
⁶ Excellence Center for Sleep Disorders, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand.
⁷ Section for Mathematics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Suvarnabhumi, Phranakhon Si Ayutthaya, Thailand.
⁸ Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
⁹ Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
¹⁰ Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.

Abstract

Background: Data in the literature has shown poor sleep quality to be frequently observed in hospitalized patients and known to be associated with poor treatment outcome. Many factors may impact poor sleep quality, and there is currently limited available data. We aim to determine the prevalence of poor sleep quality and associated factors in patients admitted to internal medicine wards as well as the change of sleep quality over time after admission.

Methods: An analytic observational study was conducted at the internal medicine wards at the King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand. Patients were personally interviewed to evaluate the history of sleep quality at home, sleep quality after the first and the third days of admission, and potential associated factors. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and screening questionnaires for the common diseases associated with poor sleep quality were also utilized. The logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independent factors which led to poor sleep quality.

Results: Data were collected from 96 patients during the period of June 2015 to February 2016. The mean age of the patients was 50.8 ± 16.7 years, and 51% were male. Infectious disease was the most common principal diagnosis accounted for 29.2%. The results show high prevalence of poor sleep quality after the first night of admission compared to baseline sleep quality at home (50% vs. 18.8%; p < 0.001). After 3 days of admission, the prevalence of poor sleep quality was reduced to the level close to baseline sleep quality at home (28.1% vs. 18.8%; p = 0.13). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that light exposure and pain were the main independent factors for poor sleep quality on the first day (odds ratio 6.68; 95% CI 2.25-19.84) and on the third day (odds ratio 3.47; 95% CI 1.24-9.71), respectively.

Conclusions: This is the first study conducted on the sleep quality of hospitalized patients that included the follow-up period during hospital admission. Our study demonstrated high prevalence of poor sleep quality in hospitalized patients on the first day. Interestingly, the sleep quality was partly improved during hospitalization. Light exposure and pain were demonstrated to be the factors associated with poor sleep quality.