T Lymphocytes in Acute Kidney Injury and Repair

Semin Nephrol. 2020 Mar;40(2):114-125. doi: 10.1016/j.semnephrol.2020.01.003.

Abstract

Innate and adaptive immune systems participate in the pathogenesis of acute kidney injury (AKI). Considerable data from different research teams have shown the importance of T lymphocytes in the pathophysiology of AKI and, more recently, prevention and repair. T cells can generate or resolve inflammation by secreting specific cytokines and growth factors as well as interact with other immune and stromal cells to induce kidney injury or promote tissue repair. There also are emerging data on the role of T cells in the progression of AKI to chronic kidney disease and organ cross-talk in AKI. These data set the stage for immunomodulatory therapies for AKI. This review focuses on the major populations of T lymphocytes and their roles as mediators for AKI and repair.

Keywords: Acute kidney injury; T cells; immune system; ischemia reperfusion; repair.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Acute Kidney Injury / immunology*
  • Adaptive Immunity / immunology
  • Animals
  • CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / immunology
  • CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / immunology
  • Cytokines / immunology
  • Disease Progression
  • Humans
  • Immunity, Innate
  • Inflammation / immunology
  • Intraepithelial Lymphocytes / immunology
  • Kidney / physiology
  • Natural Killer T-Cells / immunology
  • Recovery of Function / immunology
  • Regeneration / immunology*
  • Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / immunology
  • Reperfusion Injury / immunology
  • T-Lymphocyte Subsets / immunology*
  • T-Lymphocytes / immunology*
  • T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / immunology
  • Th1 Cells / immunology
  • Th2 Cells / immunology

Substances

  • Cytokines