Cutaneous leishmaniasis is the most common presentation of infection by protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania. Patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis may have one or several disfiguring skin lesions that resemble other dermatologic diseases. Old World cutaneous leishmaniasis is a major public health problem in the World Health Organization Eastern Mediterranean Region. Conflict and ensuing collapse of health systems leads to migration of leishmaniasis patients from countries like Syria. Pediatricians in nonendemic countries should be aware of this disease entity. We identify knowledge gaps and summarize treatment options for cutaneous leishmaniasis.