Bone transportation technology (Ilizarov technique) effectively solves the clinical problem of chronic osteomyelitis with structural bone defect. The paper combined with own clinical experience and a large number of literatures, the results showed that this method had some complications related to severe bone healing, such as non union of the joint ends and poor mineralization of the extended gap. Maintenance of force line during operation, protection of osteotomy end tissues, appropriate transporting velocity and stress stimulation after operation, and application of "accordion technology" are the keys to reduce such complications. At present, there is still much controversy about the timing of removal of external fixator. Once the re fracture is caused by early removal, it must be treated actively as soon as possible. In addition, it is necessary to reduce the local thermal injury of nail canal during operation and strengthen the nursing of nail canal after operation in order to prevent nail canal infection. Reasonable analgesic regimen combined with active functional exercise is an important method to avoid the occurrence of adjacent joint dysfunction.
Keywords: Ilizarov technique; Osteomyelitis; Postoperative complications; Review.