Reducing respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) hospitalization in a lower-income country by vaccinating mothers-to-be and their households

Elife. 2020 Mar 27:9:e47003. doi: 10.7554/eLife.47003.

Abstract

Respiratory syncytial virus is the leading cause of lower respiratory tract infection among infants. RSV is a priority for vaccine development. In this study, we investigate the potential effectiveness of a two-vaccine strategy aimed at mothers-to-be, thereby boosting maternally acquired antibodies of infants, and their household cohabitants, further cocooning infants against infection. We use a dynamic RSV transmission model which captures transmission both within households and communities, adapted to the changing demographics and RSV seasonality of a low-income country. Model parameters were inferred from past RSV hospitalisations, and forecasts made over a 10-year horizon. We find that a 50% reduction in RSV hospitalisations is possible if the maternal vaccine effectiveness can achieve 75 days of additional protection for newborns combined with a 75% coverage of their birth household co-inhabitants (~7.5% population coverage).

Keywords: RSV; epidemiological modelling; epidemiology; global health; human; intervention forecasting; medicine; vaccination; virus.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Antibodies, Viral / blood
  • Family Characteristics
  • Female
  • Hospitalization / statistics & numerical data*
  • Humans
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Mothers
  • Poverty
  • Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections / prevention & control*
  • Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections / transmission
  • Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccines / immunology*
  • Vaccination*

Substances

  • Antibodies, Viral
  • Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccines

Grants and funding