Chloroquines are the long-established prescription drug, which are often used clinically to treat malaria and connective tissue diseases. Since December 2019, corona virus disease 2019 （COVID-19） outbreaks caused by 2019 novel coronavirus （2019-nCoV） has occurred in China and many countries around the world. Due to the lack of drugs against COVID-19, the disease spreads rapidly and the mortality rate is relatively high. Therefore, specific drugs against 2019-nCoV need to be quickly screened. The antimalarial drug chloroquine phosphate which has already been approved is confirmed to have an anti-2019-nCoV effect and has been included in diagnostic and therapeutic guidelines. However, awareness of the risk of chloroquine phosphate causing acute poisoning or even death should be strengthened. The current dosage recommended in clinical treatment is larger than that in previous treatment of malaria and the period of treatment is longer. Many provinces have required close clinical monitoring of adverse reactions. This paper reviews the pharmacological effects, poisoning and toxicological mechanisms, in vivo metabolism and distribution, and forensic issues of chloroquine drugs, in order to provide help to forensic practice and clinical work.
题目: 氯喹类药物在新型冠状病毒肺炎治疗中的试用及其法医毒理学研究进展.
摘要: 氯喹类药物是一类历史悠久的处方药，临床常用于抗疟疾及结缔组织病的治疗。2019年12月以来，在我国各地和世界多国发生了由2019新型冠状病毒（2019 novel coronavirus，2019-nCoV）引起的新型冠状病毒肺炎（corona virus disease 2019，COVID-19）疫情。由于缺乏针对COVID-19的药物，导致该病迅速蔓延且死亡率较高，因此亟待快速筛选抗2019-nCoV的特效药物，已批准使用的抗疟药磷酸氯喹被证实具有抗2019-nCoV的作用，并被纳入诊疗指南。但对磷酸氯喹引起急性中毒甚至死亡的风险意识也应同时加强，当前临床推荐剂量较以往治疗疟疾用药剂量偏大、疗程偏长，多地已要求临床密切监测不良反应。本文从法医学的角度，对氯喹类药物的药理作用、中毒与毒理作用机制、体内代谢与分布及法医学鉴定要点进行综述，以期为法医学实践及临床工作提供帮助。.
关键词: 法医病理学；法医毒理学；氯喹；新型冠状病毒肺炎；综述.
Keywords: forensic pathology; forensic toxicology; chloroquine; corona virus disease 2019; review.
Copyright© by the Editorial Department of Journal of Forensic Medicine.