Effects of excessive or restricted phosphorus and calcium intake during early life on markers of bone architecture and composition in pigs

J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl). 2021 Nov:105 Suppl 2:52-62. doi: 10.1111/jpn.13286. Epub 2020 Mar 17.

Abstract

Sufficient supply of pigs with calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) is essential for animal health and welfare during the growth period. However, the P content in animal manure is considered as a cause of massive environmental problems in soil and aquatic ecosystems. To complement previous findings, the objective of this study is the investigation of effects of a reduced and increased Ca and P supplementation on bone mineralization and bone structure compared with the current dietary recommendation. Another aim is to find possible serum markers that would allow the assessment of adequacy of P supply for bone health during growth. The result validated that the recommended Ca and P supply is sufficient, without the addition of microbial phytases. However, addition of P has no further beneficial effects on bone stability, while P supplementation below the recommended level affects bone development and growth performance. Reduced P levels have consequences for cancellous bone density and trabecular architecture. Further fine-tuning of the P supply in conjunction with an appropriate Ca supply will contribute to a reduction in P waste and associated environmental impact while maintaining animal health and welfare.

Keywords: bone structure; calcium homeostasis; dietary mineral intake; phosphorus homeostasis; trabecular bone.

MeSH terms

  • Animal Feed / analysis
  • Animals
  • Biomarkers
  • Bone Density
  • Calcium
  • Calcium, Dietary
  • Ecosystem
  • Phosphorus
  • Phosphorus, Dietary*
  • Swine

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • Calcium, Dietary
  • Phosphorus, Dietary
  • Phosphorus
  • Calcium