Research of postpartum endometritis in Japanese Black cattle with cystic ovarian disease by vaginal mucus test and endometrial cytology

Naoki Yamamoto; Ryo Nishimura; Yosuke Gunji; Mitsugu Hishinuma

doi:10.5194/aab-63-1-2020

Research of postpartum endometritis in Japanese Black cattle with cystic ovarian disease by vaginal mucus test and endometrial cytology

Arch Anim Breed. 2020 Jan 7;63(1):1-8. doi: 10.5194/aab-63-1-2020. eCollection 2020.

Authors

Naoki Yamamoto^{1

2

3}, Ryo Nishimura^{2

4}, Yosuke Gunji^{2

5}, Mitsugu Hishinuma^{2

4}

Affiliations

¹ NOSAI Shimane, 105 Tonomachi, Matsue, Shimane 690-0887, Japan.
² United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan.
³ current address: Meat Inspection Center, Shimane Prefectural Government, 1677-2 Senyama, Asayama town, Ooda, Shimane 699-2212, Japan.
⁴ Laboratory of Theriogenology, Joint Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8553, Japan.
⁵ NOSAI Tottori, 271 Higachisono, Hokuei town, Tohaku district, Tottori 689-2202, Japan.

Abstract

The relationship between endometritis and cystic ovarian disease (COD) is still unclear in Japanese Black cattle. Endometritis is classified into clinical endometritis (CE) and subclinical endometritis (SE). The objective of this study was to clarify the interaction between postpartum endometritis (CE and SE) and COD in Japanese Black cattle. Twenty-six suckled cows with COD (COD group) and 16 suckled cows with cyclical ovarian activity (CA group) were submitted for the experiment. Uterine conditions of cows were classified into three groups (normal, CE, and SE) with vaginal mucus test and endometrial cytology. The combined data of CE and SE were represented as data for total endometritis (EMT total). The prevalence of EMT total in the COD group (42.3 %, $11 / 26$ ) was significantly higher than that of the CA group (12.5 %, $2 / 16$ ). The mean percentage of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN %) in the COD group was significantly higher than that of the CA group at 40-60 DPP (days postpartum). Compared to 61-295 DPP, the mean PMN % at 40-60 DPP was significantly higher in the COD group. The diameters of uterine horn and cervix did not differ among normal uterine condition, CE and SE in the COD group, and they did not differ between normal uterine condition and SE in the CA group. However, endometrial thickness during both 40-60 and 61-295 DPP were greater in the COD group than in the CA group. In conclusion, Japanese Black cattle with COD have a potential implication on endometritis at 40-60 DPP compared to the normal ovarian cycle. As a specific symptom was not observed by transrectal ultrasonography, endometrial cytology is effective for diagnosis of SE in Japanese Black cattle.