High-Throughput, Temporal and Dose Dependent, Effect of Vitamins and Minerals on Chondrogenesis

James E Dennis; Taylor Splawn; Thomas J Kean

doi:10.3389/fcell.2020.00092

High-Throughput, Temporal and Dose Dependent, Effect of Vitamins and Minerals on Chondrogenesis

Front Cell Dev Biol. 2020 Feb 25:8:92. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00092. eCollection 2020.

Authors

James E Dennis¹, Taylor Splawn¹, Thomas J Kean²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.
² Biionix Cluster, Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States.

Abstract

Tissue engineered hyaline cartilage is plagued by poor mechanical properties largely due to inadequate type II collagen expression. Of note, commonly used defined chondrogenic media lack 14 vitamins and minerals, some of which are implicated in chondrogenesis. Type II collagen promoter-driven Gaussia luciferase was transfected into ATDC5 cells to create a chondrogenic cell with a secreted-reporter. The reporter cells were used in an aggregate-based chondrogenic culture model to develop a high-throughput analytic platform. This high-throughput platform was used to assess the effect of vitamins and minerals, alone and in combination with TGFβ1, on COL2A1 promoter-driven expression. Significant combinatorial effects between vitamins, minerals, and TGFβ1 in terms of COL2A1 promoter-driven expression and metabolism were discovered. An "optimal" continual supplement of copper and vitamin K in the presence of TGFβ1 gave a 2.5-fold increase in COL2A1 promoter-driven expression over TGFβ1 supplemented media alone in ATDC5 cells.

Keywords: cartilage tissue engineering; defined chondrogenic media; defined media; high-throughput chondrogenesis; high-throughput organoid; in vitro chondrogenesis.