Introduction: Clinical response and chemosensitivity of relapse or refractory AML patients were evaluated after rescue and bridge-to-transplant MEC (mitoxantrone, etoposide, and cytarabine) regimen.
Methods and patients: Fifty-five consecutive AML patients were treated with MEC from 2009 to 2018. Chemosensitivity was evaluated by WT1 quantification.
Results: 27/55 patients (49.1%) had AML resistant to induction and 28/55 patients (50.9%) had AML relapse. 25/55 patients (45.5%) achieved a CR after one course of MEC, and 12 patients (21.8%) achieved WT1 negativity. In 12 patients, a second MEC was administered. Four out of 12 patients improved significantly their response with the 2nd MEC. MEC was an effective bridge to transplant, 32/55 patients (58.2%) received an allogenic stem cell transplant. Median overall survival (OS) from MEC was 455 days (95% CI 307-602 days.); patient with WT1 negative CR had the best OS (P<.000).
Conclusion: WT1 is a useful marker of chemosensitivity after MEC as rescue and bridge-to-transplant therapy.
Keywords: WT1; acute myeloid leukemia; bone marrow transplantation; chemotherapy.
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