Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection is closely related to chronic active gastritis, peptic ulcer, mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma, and gastric cancer, and is also associated with some parenteral diseases. Eradication of Hp can significantly improve gastric mucosal inflammatory response, prevent or delay gastric mucosal atrophy, intestinal metaplasia and its development, partially reverse atrophy, and reduce the risk of gastric cancer in varying degrees. In recent years, the eradication failure rate has increased. There are many reasons for the failure of Hp eradication. Previous studies have suggested that Hp resistance to antibiotics is the main cause of eradication failure, but recent studies have found that poor compliance is the main reason.
幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacter pylori，Hp)感染与慢性活动性胃炎、消化性溃疡、黏膜相关淋巴组织(mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue，MALT)淋巴瘤、胃癌密切相关，还与一些胃肠外疾病相关。根除Hp可显著改善胃黏膜炎性反应，阻止或延缓胃黏膜萎缩、肠化生的发生和发展，部分逆转萎缩，不同程度地降低胃癌的发生风险。近年来，Hp的根除失败率上升。导致Hp根除失败的原因很多，既往研究认为Hp对抗生素耐药是根除失败的主要原因，而新近的研究发现患者依从性差为其主要原因。.
Keywords: Helicobacter pylori; antibiotic resistance; compliance; eradication failure.