Epidemiology of childhood-onset type 1 diabetes in Gran Canaria (2006-2018)

Yeray Nóvoa; Araceli de La Cuesta; Elisabeth Caballero; Maite Ruiz de Gauna; Sofía Quinteiro; Angela Domínguez; Angelo Santana; Ana María Wägner

doi:10.1016/j.endinu.2019.11.010

Epidemiology of childhood-onset type 1 diabetes in Gran Canaria (2006-2018)

Endocrinol Diabetes Nutr (Engl Ed). 2020 Dec;67(10):658-664. doi: 10.1016/j.endinu.2019.11.010. Epub 2020 Feb 29.

[Article in English, Spanish]

Authors

Yeray Nóvoa¹, Araceli de La Cuesta², Elisabeth Caballero², Maite Ruiz de Gauna², Sofía Quinteiro², Angela Domínguez², Angelo Santana³, Ana María Wägner⁴

Affiliations

¹ Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno-Infantil de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain; Asociación Canaria para la Investigación Pediátrica (ACIP Canarias), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain. Electronic address: yeraynm@hotmail.com.
² Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno-Infantil de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain.
³ Mathematics and Statistics Department, Universidad de Las Pamas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain.
⁴ Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain; Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Complejo Universitario Insular Materno-Infantil de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain.

PMID: 32127309
DOI: 10.1016/j.endinu.2019.11.010

Abstract

Aims: To study the incidence of type 1 diabetes (T1D) in children <14 years in the island of Gran Canaria (Canary Islands, Spain) during the 2006-2018 period and to evaluate its temporal trend, seasonality, age and sex distribution.

Subjects and methods: We studied children <14 years of age living in Gran Canaria. We calculated the annual and overall incidence using recorded data from the Pediatric Endocrinology Department as the primary source and the local Diabetes Association and the hospital's pharmacy as secondary sources. The primary source is the only paediatric endocrine unit in the island.

Results: 453 new T1D cases were observed during the 13-year period. The overall incidence of T1D between 2006 and 2018 was 30.48/100,000 (95% CI: 27.74-33.42). Distribution among age groups was 24.8%, 38.2% and 36.9% for children between 0-4, 5-9 and 10-13.9 years old respectively. No significant temporal trend, seasonality or sex differences were found.

Conclusions: Our study shows that the Island of Gran Canaria has one of the highest childhood incidences of T1D reported worldwide: among the highest rates in Europe, and higher than the rates published for the neighbouring African countries.

Keywords: Canary Islands; Children; Diabetes mellitus tipo 1; Epidemiology; Epidemiología; Gran Canaria; Incidence; Incidencia; Islas Canarias; Niños; Type 1 diabetes mellitus.