Percutaneous absorption and brain distribution facilitation of borneol on tetramethylpyrazine in a microemulsion-based transdermal therapeutic system

Xiaoge Hu; Ning Cheng; Jihui Zhao; Xianghua Piao; Yulu Yan; Qibo Zhang; Kuan Zhou; Yongtai Zhang; Nianping Feng

doi:10.1016/j.ajps.2018.06.003

Percutaneous absorption and brain distribution facilitation of borneol on tetramethylpyrazine in a microemulsion-based transdermal therapeutic system

Asian J Pharm Sci. 2019 May;14(3):305-312. doi: 10.1016/j.ajps.2018.06.003. Epub 2018 Jul 29.

Authors

Xiaoge Hu¹, Ning Cheng¹, Jihui Zhao¹, Xianghua Piao¹, Yulu Yan¹, Qibo Zhang¹, Kuan Zhou¹, Yongtai Zhang¹, Nianping Feng¹

Affiliation

¹ School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.

Abstract

In this study, we show that the percutaneous absorption and brain distribution of tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) is enhanced when combined with borneol (BN) in a microemulsion-based transdermal therapeutic system (ME-TTS). The formulation of the TMP and BN microemulsion (TEM-BN-ME) was optimized in skin permeation studies in vitro following a uniform experimental design. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were used for the in vivo pharmacokinetic and tissue distribution studies of TMP-BN-ME-TTS. In the pharmacokinetic study, the TMP-BN-ME-TTS treated rats had significantly higher (P < 0.05) C _max and AUC of TMP than the TMP-ME-TTS treated rats, indicating that BN improves the rate and extent of TMP percutaneous absorption. In the tissue distribution study, the AUC of TMP in brain was significantly higher in the TMP-BN-ME-TTS group (P < 0.05), indicating that BN facilitates the distribution of TMP in brain. In summary, BN enhanced the percutaneous absorption and brain distribution of TMP in a microemulsion-based transdermal therapeutic system.

Keywords: Borneol; Brain distribution; Microemulsion; Percutaneous absorption; Tetramethylpyrazine.