Exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells promote osteosarcoma development by activating oncogenic autophagy

Yao Huang; Wei Liu; Bing He; Lei Wang; Fucheng Zhang; Hao Shu; Luning Sun

doi:10.1016/j.jbo.2020.100280

Exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells promote osteosarcoma development by activating oncogenic autophagy

J Bone Oncol. 2020 Feb 4:21:100280. doi: 10.1016/j.jbo.2020.100280. eCollection 2020 Apr.

Authors

Yao Huang¹, Wei Liu², Bing He¹, Lei Wang¹, Fucheng Zhang¹, Hao Shu¹, Luning Sun¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Sports Medicine Center, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China.
² Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China.

Abstract

Osteosarcoma (OS) is a malignant bone tumor that frequently occurs in adolescents. It has a high rate of pulmonary metastasis and mortality. Previous studies have demonstrated that human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) can promote the malignant progression in various tumors, including OS. Also, it is recognized that exosomes derived from hBMSCs (hBMSC-Exos) mediate cell-to-cell communication and exhibit similar effects on the development of various tumors. However, the role of hBMSC-Exos in the development of OS is still unclear and the underlying mechanism needs to be elucidated. Our results show that hBMSC-derived exosomes promote OS cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Meanwhile, silencing autophagy-related gene 5 (ATG5) in OS cells abolishes the pro-tumor effects of hBMSC-Exos in vitro and in vivo. Our present study demonstrates that hBMSC-Exos promotes tumorigenesis and metastasis by promoting oncogenic autophagy in OS.

Keywords: Autophagy; Exosomes; Osteosarcoma; hBMSCs.