Evaluating the changes in molar incisor hypomineralization prevalence: A comparison of two cross-sectional studies in two elementary schools in Mexico City between 2008 and 2017

Clin Exp Dent Res. 2020 Feb;6(1):82-89. doi: 10.1002/cre2.252. Epub 2019 Nov 7.

Abstract

Background: Little information is available on the trends over time of the prevalence of molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH). This condition may be preventing dental caries decline.

Aim: (a) To compare the prevalence of MIH, in Mexico City schoolchildren, evaluated in 2008 with a group evaluated in 2017, (b) to identify the association of MIH with dental caries, and (c) to assess the mother's perception of her child's oral health status.

Design: Two cross-sectional studies performed in 2008 and in 2017 were compared. The oral examiner and the selected schools were the same in both surveys.

Results: A total of 549 schoolchildren were evaluated. The prevalence of MIH in the first survey was 20.3%, and 31.9 % in the second survey, (p = .002). Children with MIH were more likely to have dental caries. The odds ratio was 2.24 (p = .036) and 4.18 (p ˂ .001) in the first and second surveys, respectively. Mothers of children with MIH perceived worse oral health status of their children than the mothers whose children did not have MIH (odds ratio = 4.47, p ˂ .001).

Conclusion: The findings portray a clear increase in prevalence of MIH and highlight the need for increased awareness about this condition among dentists and the general population.

Keywords: community pediatric dentistry; dental caries; maternal perception; molar incisor hypomineralization.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Child
  • Cities / epidemiology
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Dental Caries / epidemiology*
  • Dental Caries / etiology
  • Dental Caries / prevention & control
  • Dental Enamel Hypoplasia / complications
  • Dental Enamel Hypoplasia / diagnosis
  • Dental Enamel Hypoplasia / epidemiology*
  • Dental Enamel Hypoplasia / pathology
  • Female
  • Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice
  • Humans
  • Incisor / pathology*
  • Male
  • Mexico / epidemiology
  • Mothers / statistics & numerical data
  • Oral Health / statistics & numerical data
  • Prevalence
  • Schools / statistics & numerical data*
  • Surveys and Questionnaires / statistics & numerical data