'Multi-cropping', Intercropping and Adaptation to Variable Environments in Indus South Asia

C A Petrie; J Bates

doi:10.1007/s10963-017-9101-z

'Multi-cropping', Intercropping and Adaptation to Variable Environments in Indus South Asia

J World Prehist. 2017;30(2):81-130. doi: 10.1007/s10963-017-9101-z. Epub 2017 May 9.

Authors

C A Petrie^{1

2}, J Bates^{3

2}

Affiliations

¹ 1Division of Archaeology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3DZ UK.
² 3McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3ER UK.
³ 2Selwyn College, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 9DQ UK.

Abstract

Past human populations are known to have managed crops in a range of ways. Various methods can be used, singly or in conjunction, to reconstruct these strategies, a process which lends itself to the exploration of socio-economic and political themes. This paper endeavours to unpack the concept of 'multi-cropping' by considering diversity and variation in the cropping practices of the populations of South Asia's Indus Civilisation. It argues that nuanced interpretations of the evidence provided by the combinations of crop seeds and weeds present in specific contexts and phases of occupation can reveal much about Indus cropping strategies, which in turn enables consideration of issues related to adaptation, intensification and resilience in the face of changing social, political, economic and environmental climates.

Keywords: Adaptation; Cropping strategies; Environmental diversity; Indus Civilisation; Resilience; South Asia; ‘Multi-cropping’.