Dietary carbohydrate intake and the risk of esophageal cancer: a meta-analysis

Biosci Rep. 2020 Feb 28;40(2):BSR20192576. doi: 10.1042/BSR20192576.

Abstract

Background: Previous studies had been published to explore the association about carbohydrate intake on esophageal cancer risk, with inconsistent results. This meta-analysis aimed to assess the association between dietary carbohydrate intake and the risk of esophageal cancer.

Methods: Suitable studies were carefully searched with the databases of PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and Wanfang Database. A random-effects model was used for combined odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Stata software 14.0 was adopted for the analysis.

Results: At the end, 13 publications were included in our study. Pooled results suggested that highest category versus lowest category of carbohydrate intake could reduce the risk of esophageal cancer (summarized OR = 0.627, 95% CI = 0.505-0.778, I2 = 59.9%, Pfor heterogeneity = 0.001). The results for carbohydrate intake on the risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma (summarized OR = 0.569, 95% CI = 0.417-0.777) and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (summarized OR = 0.665, 95% CI = 0.453-0.975) were consistent with the overall result. A positive association was found in European, Asian, North American populations, instead of South American populations.

Conclusions: In conclusions, dietary carbohydrate intake may have a protective effect against the risk of esophageal cancer.

Keywords: Carbohydrate; Dietary; Esophageal cancer; Meta-analysis.

Publication types

  • Meta-Analysis
  • Systematic Review

MeSH terms

  • Adenocarcinoma / diagnosis
  • Adenocarcinoma / epidemiology
  • Adenocarcinoma / prevention & control*
  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Diet, Carbohydrate-Restricted* / adverse effects
  • Diet, Healthy*
  • Dietary Carbohydrates / administration & dosage*
  • Esophageal Neoplasms / diagnosis
  • Esophageal Neoplasms / epidemiology
  • Esophageal Neoplasms / prevention & control*
  • Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma / diagnosis
  • Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma / epidemiology
  • Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma / prevention & control*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Protective Factors
  • Recommended Dietary Allowances
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors
  • Risk Reduction Behavior*
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Dietary Carbohydrates

Supplementary concepts

  • Adenocarcinoma Of Esophagus