Salivary Fingerprinting of Periodontal Disease by Infrared-ATR Spectroscopy

Proteomics Clin Appl. 2020 May;14(3):e1900092. doi: 10.1002/prca.201900092. Epub 2020 Mar 1.

Abstract

Purpose: Periodontal diseases, the most common chronic inflammatory diseases in humans, do not only affect tooth-supporting tissues but also other body parts by contributing to the development of life-threatening conditions. Since currently available diagnostic methods in periodontics lack the ability to identify patients at high risk for periodontal disease progression, development of innovative, non-invasive, rapid detection methods for diagnosing periodontal diseases is needed. This study aims to assess the potential of infrared attenuated total reflection (IR-ATR) spectroscopy to detect differences in composition of saliva supernatant in non-periodontitis individuals (control) and patients with generalized aggressive periodontitis (G-AgP).

Experimental design: IR-ATR is performed with a wavelength interval from 1230 to 1180 cm-1 , analyzed with a simple subtraction in absorbance data.

Results: Ten samples show in the analysis of variance of the two data sets a true difference (99.8%). A principal component analysis (PCA) is able to discriminate between G-AgP and control groups.

Conclusion and clinical relevance: This study demonstrates for the first time that IR-ATR spectroscopy is a promising tool for the analysis of saliva supernatant for the diagnosis of periodontitis, and potentially other periodontal conditions. IR-ATR spectroscopy holds the potential to be miniaturized and utilized as a non-invasive screening test.

Keywords: attenuated total reflection (ATR) spectroscopy; evanescent field; human saliva; infrared spectroscopy; oral diagnostics; periodontitis.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Analysis of Variance
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Periodontal Diseases / diagnosis
  • Periodontal Diseases / metabolism*
  • Proteomics*
  • Salivary Proteins and Peptides / metabolism*
  • Spectrophotometry, Infrared*

Substances

  • Salivary Proteins and Peptides