Earlier versus later cognitive event-related potentials (ERPs) in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): A meta-analysis

Anna Kaiser; Pascal-M Aggensteiner; Sarah Baumeister; Nathalie E Holz; Tobias Banaschewski; Daniel Brandeis

doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.01.019

Earlier versus later cognitive event-related potentials (ERPs) in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): A meta-analysis

Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2020 May:112:117-134. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.01.019. Epub 2020 Jan 25.

Authors

Anna Kaiser¹, Pascal-M Aggensteiner², Sarah Baumeister², Nathalie E Holz², Tobias Banaschewski², Daniel Brandeis³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany. Electronic address: anna.kaiser@zi-mannheim.de.
² Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
³ Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

PMID: 31991190
DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.01.019

Abstract

The current meta-analysis summarizes relevant literature on earlier (P100, N100, P200, N200, ERN/Ne) versus later (P300, Pe, CNV) cognitive Event-Related Potential (ERP) differences between children, adolescents, and adults with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and without ADHD (non-ADHD). Furthermore, the heterogeneity in previous research is addressed by analyzing potentially relevant demographic and methodological moderators (age group, IQ, medication, comorbidity, task, cognitive function, modality, inter-stimulus-interval, number of electrodes). Via database search 52 relevant articles were identified including n = 1576 ADHD and n = 1794 non-ADHD. Using multilevel-models, pooled effect sizes were calculated. For earlier components, individuals with ADHD showed shorter Go-P100-latencies than non-ADHD. For later ERPs, individuals with ADHD showed smaller Cue-P300-amplitudes, longer Go-P300-latencies, smaller NoGo-P300-amplitudes, longer NoGo-P300-latencies, smaller CNV-amplitudes, and smaller Pe-amplitudes. The substantial heterogeneity identified for most of the ERP components could be explained by the demographic and methodological moderators of interest. This meta-analysis identified relevant moderate group differences (-0.32<d<-0.57), mainly regarding later cognitive ERPs. Nevertheless, results are characterized by substantial heterogeneity and the moderate effect sizes (d<0.6) limit the use for clinical application.

Keywords: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); Cognitive modulation; Electroencephalography (EEG); Event-related potentials (ERPs); Meta-analysis.

Publication types

Meta-Analysis
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Adolescent
Adult
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / physiopathology*
Child
Cognition / physiology*
Evoked Potentials / physiology*
Executive Function / physiology*
Humans
Psychomotor Performance / physiology*