From Translation to Protein Degradation as Mechanisms for Regulating Biological Functions: A Review on the SLRP Family in Skeletal Tissues

Biomolecules. 2020 Jan 3;10(1):80. doi: 10.3390/biom10010080.

Abstract

The extracellular matrix can trigger cellular responses through its composition and structure. Major extracellular matrix components are the proteoglycans, which are composed of a core protein associated with glycosaminoglycans, among which the small leucine-rich proteoglycans (SLRPs) are the largest family. This review highlights how the codon usage pattern can be used to modulate cellular response and discusses the biological impact of post-translational events on SLRPs, including the substitution of glycosaminoglycan moieties, glycosylation, and degradation. These modifications are listed, and their impacts on the biological activities and structural properties of SLRPs are described. We narrowed the topic to skeletal tissues undergoing dynamic remodeling.

Keywords: catabolism; codon usage; glycosaminoglycan; glycosylation; post-translational event; small leucine-rich proteoglycans.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Codon Usage
  • Extracellular Matrix / metabolism
  • Extracellular Matrix Proteins
  • Glycosaminoglycans / chemistry
  • Glycosaminoglycans / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Leucine / metabolism
  • Muscle, Skeletal / metabolism*
  • Protein Processing, Post-Translational
  • Proteoglycans / metabolism
  • Proteolysis
  • Small Leucine-Rich Proteoglycans / genetics
  • Small Leucine-Rich Proteoglycans / metabolism*
  • Small Leucine-Rich Proteoglycans / physiology*

Substances

  • Extracellular Matrix Proteins
  • Glycosaminoglycans
  • Proteoglycans
  • Small Leucine-Rich Proteoglycans
  • Leucine