MapR: A Method for Identifying Native R-Loops Genome Wide

Curr Protoc Mol Biol. 2020 Mar;130(1):e113. doi: 10.1002/cpmb.113.

Abstract

R-loops are abundant, RNA-containing chromatin structures that form in the genomes of both eukaryotes and prokaryotes. Devising methods to identify the precise genomic locations of R-loops is critical to understand how these structures regulate numerous cellular processes, including replication, termination, and chromosome segregation, and how their unscheduled formation results in disease. Here, we describe a new, highly sensitive, and antibody-independent method, MapR, to profile native R-loops genome wide. MapR takes advantage of the natural specificity of the RNase H enzyme to recognize DNA:RNA hybrids, a defining feature of R-loops, and combines it with a CUT&RUN approach to target, cleave, and release R-loops that can then be sequenced. MapR has low background, is faster than current R-loop detection technologies, and can be performed in any cell type without the need to generate stable cell lines. © 2020 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Keywords: DNA:RNA hybrids; R-loops; chromatin; gene expression; transcription.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Base Sequence
  • Cell Line
  • Chromatin / metabolism
  • DNA, Single-Stranded / genetics
  • Drosophila / genetics*
  • Escherichia coli / genetics*
  • Genome*
  • Genomics / methods*
  • Mammals / genetics*
  • R-Loop Structures / genetics*
  • RNA / genetics
  • Ribonuclease H / genetics
  • Ribonuclease H / metabolism

Substances

  • Chromatin
  • DNA, Single-Stranded
  • RNA
  • Ribonuclease H