ABTS On-Line Antioxidant, α-Amylase, α-Glucosidase, Pancreatic Lipase, Acetyl- and Butyrylcholinesterase Inhibition Activity of Chaenomeles Fruits Determined by Polyphenols and other Chemical Compounds

Igor Piotr Turkiewicz; Aneta Wojdyło; Karolina Tkacz; Paulina Nowicka; Tomasz Golis; Przemysław Bąbelewski

doi:10.3390/antiox9010060

ABTS On-Line Antioxidant, α-Amylase, α-Glucosidase, Pancreatic Lipase, Acetyl- and Butyrylcholinesterase Inhibition Activity of Chaenomeles Fruits Determined by Polyphenols and other Chemical Compounds

Antioxidants (Basel). 2020 Jan 9;9(1):60. doi: 10.3390/antiox9010060.

Authors

Igor Piotr Turkiewicz¹, Aneta Wojdyło¹, Karolina Tkacz¹, Paulina Nowicka¹, Tomasz Golis², Przemysław Bąbelewski³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Fruit, Vegetable and Plant Nutraceutical Technology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 37 Chełmońskiego Str., 51-630 Wrocław, Poland.
² Research Institute of Horticulture, Department of Pomology, Gene Resources and Nurseries, 1/3 Konstytucji 3 Maja Str., 96-100 Skierniewice, Poland.
³ Department of Horticulture, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 24a Grunwaldzki Str., 53-363 Wrocław, Poland.

Abstract

This study aimed to identify and quantify the chemical composition and polyphenolic profile of 19 cultivars of Chaenomeles × superba, Chaenomeles japonica, and Chaenomeles speciosa by liquid chromatography coupled with photodiode array detector and quadrupole time-of-flight electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC-PDA-QTOF-ESI-MS). Antioxidant (ABTS on-line, ABTS, FRAP, and ORAC), as well as in vitro biological activities, i.e., the ability to inhibit α-amylase, α-glucosidase, pancreatic lipase, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE), and 15-lipoxygenase (15-LOX) were determined. Most of the Chaenomeles species and cultivars analyzed in this study have not been examined in this respect until now. Fruits contained 30.26 to 195.05 mg of vitamin C, 0.65 to 1.69 g of pectin, 0.32 to 0.64 g of ash, 0.60 to 3.98 g of sugars, and 41.64 to 110.31 g of organic acids in 100 g fresh weight. The lowest content of total polyphenols showed C. speciosa 'Rubra' (57.84 g/kg dry weight, dw) while C. × superba 'Nicoline' (170.38 g/kg dw) exhibited the highest concentration of those compounds. In the phenolic compounds, polymeric procyanidin fraction predominated (65%) with procyanidin B2, C1, and (-)-epicatechin the most abundant. The antioxidant capacity measured by ABTS assay was mainly formed by polymeric procyanidins and flavan-3-ols, which was confirmed by ABTS on-line profiling. Chaenomeles fruits showed high potential for inhibition of α-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase. The analyzed cultivars displayed greater potential for acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition than for butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE). The data indicate that Chaenomeles fruits could be regarded as a promising source of bioactive functional food.

Keywords: 15-LOX; ABTS on-line; AChE; AHC analysis; BuChE; Japanese quince; LC-PDA-QTOF-ESI-MS; antioxidant capacity; flowering quince; pancreatic lipase; α-amylase; α-glucosidase.