Abstract
The pseudoguaianelactones A (1) and B (2), two novel sesquiterpene lactones with an unprecedented [5,7,7] ring system featuring an α-methylene-γ-lactone moiety, together with a new pseudoguaianelactone C (3) were isolated from the roots of Lindera glauca. Pseudoguaianelactones A-C (1-3) inhibited nitric oxide (NO) production, with IC50 values ranging from 1.38 to 4.00 μM. Moreover, all compounds significantly suppressed the production of pro-inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β and PGE2) and the protein expression of the enzymes iNOS and COX-2.
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Anti-Inflammatory Agents / chemistry*
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Anti-Inflammatory Agents / isolation & purification
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Anti-Inflammatory Agents / pharmacology
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Crystallography, X-Ray
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Cyclooxygenase 2 / metabolism*
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Cytokines / metabolism
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Lindera / chemistry*
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Lindera / metabolism
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Lipopolysaccharides / pharmacology
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Macrophages / cytology
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Macrophages / drug effects
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Macrophages / metabolism
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Mice
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Molecular Conformation
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Nitric Oxide / metabolism
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Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / metabolism*
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Plant Roots / chemistry
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Plant Roots / metabolism
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RAW 264.7 Cells
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Sesquiterpenes / chemistry*
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Sesquiterpenes / isolation & purification
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Sesquiterpenes / pharmacology
Substances
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Anti-Inflammatory Agents
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Cytokines
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Lipopolysaccharides
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Sesquiterpenes
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Nitric Oxide
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Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II
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Cyclooxygenase 2