Background: Severe asthma affects less than 5% of asthmatics, but is associated with high costs and increased mortality. The aim of this study was to assess age- and sex-dependent differences in this patient group.
Methods: Retrospective analysis of 1317 children and adults with severe asthma who are included in the German Asthma Net registry.
Results: There were more adults than children in the registry and patients' mean age was 52. Apart from children <18 years, there were more women (57%) than men. The age of first diagnosis ranged from 0 to 76 years. 38% of patients had a positive bronchial reversibility after short acting bronchodilators. Quality of life, FEV1 and MEF 25 decreased with older age whereas treatment with oral steroids and monoclonal antibodies increased. An anti-eosinophil treatment was most frequently used in patients aged around 57 years, while an anti-IgE treatment was used in all age-groups including children. There were sex-dependent differences with lower values in men for FEV1, FVC, MEF 25 and DLCO. Yet, women were more frequently unable to work than men due to the disease.
Conclusion: In patients with severe asthma, clinical characteristics, but also treatments differed between age groups and between the sexes, reflecting different phenotypes of the disease.
Keywords: Age; Antibody therapy; Lung function; Severe asthma; Sex.
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