New insights into amylose and amylopectin biosynthesis in rice endosperm

Jihui Zhu; Wenwen Yu; Changquan Zhang; Yajun Zhu; Jianlong Xu; Enpeng Li; Robert G Gilbert; Qiaoquan Liu

doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115656

New insights into amylose and amylopectin biosynthesis in rice endosperm

Carbohydr Polym. 2020 Feb 15:230:115656. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115656. Epub 2019 Nov 22.

Authors

Jihui Zhu¹, Wenwen Yu², Changquan Zhang³, Yajun Zhu⁴, Jianlong Xu⁴, Enpeng Li⁵, Robert G Gilbert⁶, Qiaoquan Liu⁷

Affiliations

¹ Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China; The University of Queensland, Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.
² Department of Food Science & Engineering, Jinan University, Huangpu West Avenue 601, Guangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.
³ Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China.
⁴ Agricultural Genomics Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
⁵ Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China.
⁶ Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China; The University of Queensland, Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia. Electronic address: b.gilbert@uq.edu.au.
⁷ Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China. Electronic address: qqliu@yzu.edu.cn.

PMID: 31887861
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115656

Abstract

How various isoforms of rice-starch biosynthesis enzymes interact during amylose and amylopectin synthesis is explored. The chain-length distributions of amylopectin and amylose from 95 varieties with different environmental and genetic backgrounds were obtained using size- exclusion chromatography, and fitted with biosynthesis-derived models based on isoforms of starch synthase (SSI-SSIV), starch branching enzyme (SBE, including SBEI and SBEII) and granule-bound starch synthase (GBSS) that are involved in amylose and amylopectin synthesis. It is usually thought that these are synthesized by separate enzymes. However, the amount of longer amylopectin chains correlated with that of shorter amylose chains, indicating that GBSS, SBE and SS affect both amylose and amylopectin synthesis. Further, the activity of GBSS in amylose correlated with that of SS in amylopectin. This new understanding of which enzymes are suggested by the statistics to be involved in both amylose and amylopectin synthesis could help rice breeders develop cereals with targeted properties.

Keywords: Amylopectin; Amylose; Biosynthesis; Enzymes; Rice; Starch.

MeSH terms

1,4-alpha-Glucan Branching Enzyme / chemistry
Amylopectin / biosynthesis*
Amylose / biosynthesis*
Edible Grain / metabolism
Endosperm / metabolism*
Oryza / metabolism*
Plant Proteins / chemistry
Starch Synthase / chemistry

Substances

Plant Proteins
Amylose
Amylopectin
1,4-alpha-Glucan Branching Enzyme
Starch Synthase