HPLC-DAD-APCI-MSn analysis of the genuine carotenoid pattern of pineapple (Ananas comosus [L.] Merr.) infructescence

Christof B Steingass; Kathrin Vollmer; Peter E Lux; Carolin Dell; Reinhold Carle; Ralf M Schweiggert

doi:10.1016/j.foodres.2019.108709

HPLC-DAD-APCI-MSⁿ analysis of the genuine carotenoid pattern of pineapple (Ananas comosus [L.] Merr.) infructescence

Food Res Int. 2020 Jan:127:108709. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.108709. Epub 2019 Oct 15.

Authors

Christof B Steingass¹, Kathrin Vollmer², Peter E Lux², Carolin Dell³, Reinhold Carle⁴, Ralf M Schweiggert⁵

Affiliations

¹ Department of Beverage Research, Chair Analysis and Technology of Plant-based Foods, Geisenheim University, Von-Lade-Strasse 1, 65366 Geisenheim, Germany; Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, Chair Plant Foodstuff Technology and Analysis, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstrasse 25, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany. Electronic address: christof.steingass@hs-gm.de.
² Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, Chair Plant Foodstuff Technology and Analysis, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstrasse 25, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany; Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Chair Food Biofunctionality, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstrasse 28, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
³ Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, Chair Plant Foodstuff Technology and Analysis, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstrasse 25, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
⁴ Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, Chair Plant Foodstuff Technology and Analysis, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstrasse 25, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany; Biological Science Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80257, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
⁵ Department of Beverage Research, Chair Analysis and Technology of Plant-based Foods, Geisenheim University, Von-Lade-Strasse 1, 65366 Geisenheim, Germany.

PMID: 31882077
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.108709

Abstract

The genuine carotenoid pattern of pineapple infructescence was assessed by HPLC-DAD-APCI-MSⁿ analysis. Prevailing pigments in the shell of 'MD2' (syn. "Extra Sweet") fruit were (all-E)-lutein and (all-E)-β-carotene, in addition to chlorophylls a and b. The edible flesh contained (all-E)-violaxanthin, (all-E)-β-carotene, and diverse esters of (9Z)-violaxanthin with caprylic, capric, lauric, and myristic acid. The latter esters have been reported for the first time as pineapple constituents. Total carotenoid concentrations in the edible fractions of the four varieties 'Sugar Loaf', 'Smooth Cayenne', 'MD2', and 'Queen Victoria' cultivated in Ghana ranged between 29 and 565 µg/100 g of fresh weight (FW). Total carotenoids in the flesh of fully ripe 'MD2' fruit exported by air freight amounted to 302 µg/100 g of FW, those in green ripe samples dispatched by sea freight to 359-432 µg/100 g of FW. All yellow fleshed cultivars exhibited a highly similar qualitative carotenoid profile.

Keywords: Carotenoids; Tropical fruit; Xanthophyll esters.

MeSH terms

Ananas / chemistry*
Carotenoids / analysis*
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / methods*
Fruit / chemistry*
Mass Spectrometry / methods*

Substances

Carotenoids