A massive variety of microorganisms live in and on the human body, especially at oral, skin, vaginal, gastroin-testinal, and respiratory sites. The complicated metabolic activities of microorganisms assist human digestive function and participate in a series of physiological and pathogenetic processes. Carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) are a series of enzymes that function in degradation, modification, and formation of glycoside bonds. Microbes regulate the physiological and pathogenetic processes of human body by producing various CAZymes to degrade and modify complex carbohydrates and generate signal molecules for further utilization in human cells. Here, we reviewed the mechanisms of complex carbohy-drate metabolism and related microbial CAZymes, especially in digestive tract and oral cavity. We also summarized the rela-tionship between microbial CAZymes and human health, and proposed potential applications.
人体定植着大量微生物，主要位于肠道、口腔、皮肤、阴道及鼻腔等位点。微生物复杂多样的代谢活动不仅辅助人体的消化功能，还参与了各系统的重要生理及病理活动。碳水化合物活性酶（CAZymes）是一系列具有降解、修饰及生成糖苷键功能的酶。微生物可产生众多CAZymes，协同人体细胞一起对数目庞大、种类繁多的复杂碳水化合物进行降解，便于进一步代谢利用并产生新的生物信号分子，是微生物参与人体生理及病理过程的重要渠道之一。本文对人类各微生物聚集位点，尤其是肠道和口腔的复杂多糖代谢机制以及微生物CAZymes相关代谢研究进展进行综述，对微生物CAZymes与人体健康和疾病关系的研究及前景进行总结。.
Keywords: carbohydrate active enzymes; glycoside hydrolases; gut microbiome; oral microbiome.