Remote Ischaemic Preconditioning Attenuates Cardiac Biomarkers During Vascular Surgery: A Randomised Clinical Trial

Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2020 Feb;59(2):301-308. doi: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2019.09.502. Epub 2019 Dec 20.

Abstract

Objective: The main aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of remote ischaemic preconditioning (RIPC) on preventing the leakage of cardiac damage biomarkers in patients undergoing vascular surgery.

Methods: This is a randomised, sham-controlled, double-blinded, single-centre study. Patients undergoing open abdominal aortic aneurysm repair, surgical lower limb revascularisation surgery or carotid endarterectomy were recruited non-consecutively. The RIPC protocol consisting of 4 cycles of 5 minutes of ischaemia, followed by 5 minutes of reperfusion, was applied. A RIPC or a sham procedure was performed noninvasively along with preparation for anaesthesia. High sensitivity troponin T level was measured preoperatively and 2, 8 and 24 hours after surgery and pro b-type natriuretic peptide was measured preoperatively and 24 hours after surgery.

Results: There was significantly higher leakage of high sensitivity troponin T (peak change median 2 ng/L, IQR 0.9-6.2 ng/L vs 0.6 ng/L, IQR 0.7-2.1 ng/L, p = .0002) and pro b-type natriuretic peptide (change median 144 pg/mL, IQR 17-318 pg/mL vs 51 pg/mL, IQR 12-196 pg/mL, p = .02) in the sham group compared to the RIPC group.

Conclusion: RIPC reduces the leakage of high sensitivity troponin T and pro b-type natriuretic peptide. Therefore, it may offer cardioprotection in patients undergoing non-cardiac vascular surgery. The clinical significance of RIPC has to be evaluated in larger studies excluding the factors known to influence its effect.

Keywords: Ischaemic preconditioning; N-terminal proBNP; Troponin-T; Vascular surgical procedures.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Biomarkers / blood
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Ischemic Preconditioning / methods*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Natriuretic Peptide, Brain / blood
  • Peptide Fragments / blood
  • Reperfusion Injury / blood
  • Reperfusion Injury / diagnosis
  • Reperfusion Injury / etiology
  • Reperfusion Injury / prevention & control*
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Troponin T / blood
  • Vascular Surgical Procedures / adverse effects*

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • Peptide Fragments
  • Troponin T
  • pro-brain natriuretic peptide (1-76)
  • Natriuretic Peptide, Brain