Plasma membrane tension regulates eisosome structure and function

Mol Biol Cell. 2020 Feb 15;31(4):287-303. doi: 10.1091/mbc.E19-04-0218. Epub 2019 Dec 18.

Abstract

Eisosomes are membrane furrows at the cell surface of yeast that have been shown to function in two seemingly distinct pathways, membrane stress response and regulation of nutrient transporters. We found that many stress conditions affect both of these pathways by changing plasma membrane tension and thus the morphology and composition of eisosomes. For example, alkaline stress causes swelling of the cell and an endocytic response, which together increase membrane tension, thereby flattening the eisosomes. The flattened eisosomes affect membrane stress pathways and release nutrient transporters, which aids in their down-regulation. In contrast, glucose starvation or hyperosmotic shock causes cell shrinking, which results in membrane slack and the deepening of eisosomes. Deepened eisosomes are able to trap nutrient transporters and protect them from rapid endocytosis. Therefore, eisosomes seem to coordinate the regulation of both membrane tension and nutrient transporter stability.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Biological Transport / drug effects
  • Cell Membrane / drug effects
  • Cell Membrane / metabolism*
  • Cell Membrane / ultrastructure
  • Cytoskeletal Proteins / genetics*
  • Cytoskeletal Proteins / metabolism
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal*
  • Glucose / metabolism
  • Glucose / pharmacology
  • Nucleotide Transport Proteins / genetics*
  • Nucleotide Transport Proteins / metabolism
  • Osmotic Pressure
  • Phosphoproteins / genetics*
  • Phosphoproteins / metabolism
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae / drug effects*
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae / genetics
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae / metabolism
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / genetics*
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / metabolism
  • Sorbitol / pharmacology
  • Surface Tension

Substances

  • Cytoskeletal Proteins
  • FUR4 protein, S cerevisiae
  • Nucleotide Transport Proteins
  • PIL1 protein, S cerevisiae
  • Phosphoproteins
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins
  • Slm1 protein, S cerevisiae
  • Sorbitol
  • Glucose