Centner, C, Ritzmann, R, Gollhofer, A, and König, D. Effects of whole-body vibration training and blood flow restriction on muscle adaptations in women: a randomized controlled trial. J Strength Cond Res 34(3): 603-608, 2020-The purpose of the present randomized controlled trial was to investigate potential synergistic effects of whole-body vibration (WBV) training combined with blood flow restriction (BFR) on muscle mass and strength, and jump performance. Fifty healthy women (26.1 ± 4.6 years) were randomly allocated to one of the following experimental groups: WBV training combined with BFR (WBV + BFR) or WBV only. Before and after the 10-week training intervention, muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) of the vastus lateralis (VL) and gastrocnemius medialis (GM) was evaluated. Additionally, changes in muscle strength and jump performance were assessed before and after the intervention. The level of significance was set to p < 0.05. Vastus lateralis muscle CSA increased in both groups (p < 0.05). The increase in CSA was less pronounced after WBV than WBV + BFR, although the difference was not significant (p = 0.30). Likewise, GM CSA demonstrated comparable increases in both groups with a significant main effect of time (p < 0.05) but no interaction effect (p = 0.89). Assessment of muscular strength (p = 0.70) and jump performance (p = 0.40) did not reveal significant differences between the groups. The results of the present study indicate that the combination of WBV training with BFR shows a noticeable trend toward higher increases in muscle CSA compared with WBV alone. Despite the lack of significance, the results imply clinical relevance particularly in populations showing contraindications toward high training loads. This, however, needs to be confirmed in future research.