Aims: This review aimed to systematically assess the findings of primary studies to identify the factors associated with nurse job satisfaction in rural and urban contexts while analysing the findings according to Herzberg's theory.
Background: While there is evidence linking several factors to nurses' job satisfaction, gaps still exist in understanding the differences between factors affecting job satisfaction for nurses working in rural and urban settings.
Design: Systematic review with narrative summary.
Data sources: Six databases were used to identify original studies that discuss the factors associated with the nurse's job satisfaction between 1998-2018.
Review methods: Two authors independently reviewed each study using the Joanna Briggs Institute's critical appraisal checklists. We used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement to report and examine the study biases systematically.
Results: A total of 38 studies were selected for this review. Physical working environment and authority and freedom were the most frequently reported factors associated with nurses' job satisfaction. Several extrinsic, intrinsic, personal, and community factors were also found to be associated with nurses' job satisfaction. Urban studies tended to focus on extrinsic factors, whereas there was more balance between the two sets of factors in rural studies.
Conclusion: Both intrinsic and extrinsic factors play an essential role in nurses' job satisfaction. Future research should use more robust research methods and pay more attention to contrasting rural and urban contexts. Herzberg's theory can provide conceptual clarity when investigating the factors associated with nurses' job satisfaction.
Impact: This review discussed the factors associated with nurses' job satisfaction in rural and urban settings. The findings linked several extrinsic and intrinsic factors to nurses' job satisfaction. Nursing management should search for the perfect blend of intrinsic and extrinsic factors based on nurses' needs and organizational commitment to improve nurses' job satisfaction.
目的: 该评估旨在对初步研究结果进行系统评估,以确定农村和城市医疗机构环境中与护士工作满意度相关的因素,同时,根据赫茨伯格理论分析研究结果。 背景: 虽然有证据表明有若干项因素与护士工作满意度有关,然而,在了解城乡医疗机构护士工作满意度影响因素之间的差异方面,仍然存在差距。 设计: 系统评估和叙述性总结。 数据来源: 利用6个数据库来确定最初的研究,这些研究讨论了1998年至2018年间与护士工作满意度相关的因素。 评估方法: 参照Joanna Briggs Institute(JBI循证卫生保健中心)的关键评价清单,两位作者对每项研究进行了独立评估。我们使用首选的系统评估报告项目和荟萃分析报表,对研究偏差进行系统化报告和审查。 结果: 共计38项研究参与该评估。实地工作环境、权限和自由度是影响护士工作满意度的最常见因素。护士的工作满意度也与一些外在因素、内在因素、个人因素和社区因素有关。城市研究侧重于外在因素,而农村研究则更倾向于这两组因素之间的平衡。 结论: 内在因素和外在因素对护士工作满意度产生着重要影响。今后的研究应采用更稳健的研究方法,更多地关注农村和城市医疗机构环境之间的差异。在调查影响护士工作满意度的相关因素时,参照赫茨伯格理论可以使概念清晰化。 影响: 该评估探讨了城乡医疗机构护士工作满意度的相关因素。研究表明,护士工作满意度与若干项内外部因素有关。基于护士的需求和机构改善护士工作满意度的承诺,护理管理应寻求内部因素和外部因素之间的完美融合。.
Keywords: acute care; rural nursing; systematic reviews and meta-analyses.
© 2019 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.