Factor XIII activity in patients requiring surgical re-exploration for bleeding after elective cardiac surgery - A prospective case control study

J Crit Care. 2020 Apr:56:18-25. doi: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2019.11.012. Epub 2019 Nov 18.

Abstract

Purpose: Surgical re-exploration due to postoperative bleeding is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The aim of our study was to assess a potential association between the level of postoperative FXIII activity and need for re-exploration due to bleeding in patients undergoing cardiothoracic surgery.

Materials and methods: In our prospective single center observational cohort study, we enrolled patients who underwent elective cardiothoracic surgery. Patients who required re-exploration (RE group) were matched to patients from the study population (non-RE group).

Results: The study included 64 patients, out of a cohort of 678 patients, of whom 32 required surgical re-exploration due to bleeding within the first 24 h. Between patients of the RE and non-RE group, a significantly reduced FXIII activity was observed postoperatively (59.0 vs 71.1; p = .014). Multivariable analysis revealed reduced FXIII activity (p = .048) as a parameter independently associated with surgical re-exploration. Further, reduced FXIII activity (p = .037) and surgical re-exploration (p = .01) were significantly associated with increased 30 day mortality. In multivariable analysis re-exploration was independently associated with increased risk of 30 day mortality (p = .004, HR 9.68).

Conclusions: Reduced postoperative FXIII activity may be associated with the need for surgical re-exploration. Postoperative assessment of FXIII activity should therefore be considered in patients undergoing elective cardiothoracic surgery.

Keywords: Bleeding; Cardiothoracic surgery; Coagulation; Factor XIII; Surgical re-exploration.

Publication types

  • Observational Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Blood Coagulation Tests
  • Cardiac Surgical Procedures / adverse effects*
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Elective Surgical Procedures / adverse effects
  • Factor XIII / analysis*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Multivariate Analysis
  • Postoperative Hemorrhage / surgery*
  • Postoperative Period
  • Proportional Hazards Models
  • Prospective Studies
  • Reoperation*
  • Risk Factors

Substances

  • Factor XIII