Objective: To investigate the content of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in fish from Dongting Lake. Methods: Ten sample collection points were set in lakeside city Yueyang and Yuanjiang. In July (wet season) and November (dry season) of 2012, 13 common fish species were captured by convenience sampling in Dongting Lake. Two to three fish with similar weight were selected in each season for the same species of fish. After sample preparation and pretreatment, the contents of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (dl-PCBs), indicator polychlorinated biphenyls and polybrominated diphenyls ether (PBDEs) in the samples were determined by high resolution gas chromatographer-high resolution mass spectrometry. Toxicity Equivalents (TEQ) of PCDD/Fs and dl-PCBs were calculated according to the revised toxicity equivalent factor (TEF) of WHO in 2005. The contents of POPs were expressed by median and quavtile. The differences of POPs in fish in different periods were compared by Wilcoxon rank sum test. Results: The content of PCDD/Fs of fish in Dongting Lake in wet season was 12.397 (8.865, 24.964) pg/g, higher than that in the dry season 0.771 (0.490, 1.442) pg/g (P<0.001), and the toxicity equivalent quantity (TEQ) were 0.150 (0.066,0.528) and 0.143 (0.066, 0.235) pg-TEQ/g without statistically significant difference (P>0.05). For the fish in wet and dry season from Dongting Lake,Σdl-PCBs of fish were 66.475 (28.065, 77.794) and 24.205 (18.237, 90.777) pg/g, respectively, and the TEQ were 0.061 (0.046, 0.268) and 0.075 (0.054, 0.182) pg-TEQ/g; Σ indicative PCBs were 237.764 (153.896, 335.483) and 119.711 (52.171, 408.696) pg/g, respectively; Σ PBDEs were 106.513 (64.834, 164.860) and 86.837 (61.872, 177.108) pg/g, respectively. The highest content of PCDD/Fs was found in grass carp (198.360 pg/g) in wet season. The higher content of PCBs was found in long-necked fish (2 332.509 pg/g) and PBDEs was found in pelteobagrus fulvidraco (343.857 pg/g), respectively. Conclusion: A lower burden was found in fishes from Dongting Lake, and the content of POPs varied in different seasons and fishes.
目的： 调查洞庭湖淡水鱼类中持久性有机污染物（POPs）含量。 方法： 采用方便抽样，于岳阳市和沅江市所辖的洞庭湖区范围内设置10个样品采集点，于2012年7月（丰水期）和11月（枯水期）共捕获洞庭湖常见鱼类13种，丰水期和枯水期每种鱼均选择2~3条重量相近者，将同时期、同鱼种作为1个样本。经样本制备和前处理后，采用高分辨气相色谱-高分辨质谱联用仪测定样品中二噁英（PCDD/Fs）、二噁英样多氯联苯（dl-PCBs）、指示性多氯联苯（PCBs）和多溴联苯醚（PBDEs）含量[M（P(25)，P(75)）]，依据WHO 2005年修订的毒性当量因子（TEF）分别计算PCDD/Fs和dl-PCBs的毒性当量（TEQ）。采用Wilcoxon秩和检验比较不同时期鱼类POPs含量及TEQ的差异。 结果： 洞庭湖丰水期鱼类∑PCDD/Fs含量为12.397（8.865，24.964）pg/g，高于枯水期0.771（0.490，1.442）pg/g（P<0.001）；以TEQ计，则分别为0.150（0.066，0.528）和0.143（0.066，0.235）pg-TEQ/g，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。洞庭湖丰水期和枯水期鱼类∑dl-PCBs含量分别为66.475（28.065，77.794）和24.205（18.237，90.777）pg/g，以TEQ计，分别为0.061（0.046，0.268）和0.075（0.054，0.182）pg-TEQ/g。∑指示性PCBs含量分别为237.764（153.896，335.483）和119.711（52.171，408.696）pg/g；∑PBDEs分别为106.513（64.834，164.860）和86.837（61.872，177.108）pg/g。PCDD/Fs含量最高者为丰水期草鱼（198.360 pg/g），PCBs含量最高者为丰水期长吻鱼（2 332.509 pg/g），PBDEs含量最高者为丰水期黄颡鱼（343.857 pg/g）。 结论： 洞庭湖不同时期和不同鱼类典型持久性有机污染物含量不同，总体处于较低水平。.
Keywords: Ethers; Fishes; Polychlorinated biphenyls; Water pollutants, chemical.