Most colorectal polyps are diminutive, and malignant potential for these polyps is uncommon, especially for those in the rectosigmoid. However, many diminutive polyps are still being resected to determine whether these are adenomas or serrated/hyperplastic polyps. Resecting all the diminutive polyps is not cost-effective. Therefore, gastroenterologists have proposed optical diagnosis using image-enhanced endoscopy for polyp characterization. These technologies have achieved favorable outcomes, but are not widely available. Artificial intelligence has been used in clinical medicine to classify lesions. Here, artificial intelligence technology for the characterization of colorectal polyps is discussed in a decision-making context regarding diminutive colorectal polyps.