Background: Obstructive sleep-disordered breathing (OSDB) is very common in children. Adenotonsillectomy is usually curative, but there is emerging evidence that topical nasal steroids can also be effective for some children and may avoid the need for surgery. The number of children referred for assessment of OSDB is increasing and in some departments, waiting times are long. We established a paediatrician-led clinic for assessment and initial medical management of OSDB and in this study we report the proportion of children who avoided the need for surgery.
Method: Referral letters to the otolaryngology department were screened and those with suspected OSDB and no significant co-morbidities were diverted to the paediatrician-led clinic. We recorded data for a consecutive series of children seen in this clinic with suspected OSDB over a 3-month period. Parents completed a 5-item subset of questions from the OSA-11 questionnaire before and after treatment with 6 weeks of topical nasal steroids.
Results: In the 3-month study period, 103 children were seen, with a mean age of 6 (range 1-16). Six (5.8%) had improved spontaneously before clinic attendance. Of the 97 children who were still symptomatic, 17 (17.5%) were referred directly for surgery on the basis of the severity of their symptoms, or because of other coexisting conditions that required surgical treatment (such as recurrent tonsillitis or otitis media). Three declined intranasal steroids. Seventy-seven had a trial of intranasal steroids, of whom 34 (35%) reported enough improvement to avoid surgery, and 29 (28%) failed to improve and were referred for surgery. Fourteen (14%) failed to attend after the trial of steroids: of these, 5 (5%) were contactable by phone and confirmed improvement after topical steroids. OSA-5 scores were significantly improved following intranasal steroids.
Discussion: A paediatrician-led clinic can be an effective way to ease the workload of an over-stretched otolaryngology service, and judicious use of topical nasal steroids can help around 40% of children with OSDB avoid surgery.
Keywords: children; follow-up; medical management; obstructive sleep apnoea; paediatrics; sleep-disordered breathing.
© 2019 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.