BET and Aurora Kinase A inhibitors synergize against MYCN-positive human glioblastoma cells

Cell Death Dis. 2019 Nov 21;10(12):881. doi: 10.1038/s41419-019-2120-1.

Abstract

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common primary malignant brain tumor in adults. Patients usually undergo surgery followed by aggressive radio- and chemotherapy with the alkylating agent temozolomide (TMZ). Still, median survival is only 12-15 months after diagnosis. Many human cancers including GBMs demonstrate addiction to MYC transcription factor signaling and can become susceptible to inhibition of MYC downstream genes. JQ1 is an effective inhibitor of BET Bromodomains, a class of epigenetic readers regulating expression of downstream MYC targets. Here, we show that BET inhibition decreases viability of patient-derived GBM cell lines. We propose a distinct expression signature of MYCN-elevated GBM cells that correlates with significant sensitivity to BET inhibition. In tumors showing JQ1 sensitivity, we found enrichment of pathways regulating cell cycle, DNA damage response and repair. As DNA repair leads to acquired chemoresistance to TMZ, JQ1 treatment in combination with TMZ synergistically inhibited proliferation of MYCN-elevated cells. Bioinformatic analyses further showed that the expression of MYCN correlates with Aurora Kinase A levels and Aurora Kinase inhibitors indeed showed synergistic efficacy in combination with BET inhibition. Collectively, our data suggest that BET inhibitors could potentiate the efficacy of either TMZ or Aurora Kinase inhibitors in GBM treatment.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / pharmacology*
  • Aurora Kinase A / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Azepines / administration & dosage
  • Azepines / pharmacology
  • Brain Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Brain Neoplasms / genetics
  • Brain Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Brain Neoplasms / pathology
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Drug Synergism
  • Female
  • Glioblastoma / drug therapy
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • N-Myc Proto-Oncogene Protein / biosynthesis
  • N-Myc Proto-Oncogene Protein / genetics*
  • N-Myc Proto-Oncogene Protein / metabolism
  • Proteins / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Temozolomide / administration & dosage
  • Temozolomide / pharmacology
  • Triazoles / administration & dosage
  • Triazoles / pharmacology

Substances

  • (+)-JQ1 compound
  • Azepines
  • MYCN protein, human
  • N-Myc Proto-Oncogene Protein
  • Proteins
  • Triazoles
  • bromodomain and extra-terminal domain protein, human
  • AURKA protein, human
  • Aurora Kinase A
  • Temozolomide