High-throughput ultra-sensitive discrimination of single nucleotide polymorphism via click chemical ligation

Analyst. 2019 Dec 16;145(1):172-176. doi: 10.1039/c9an01672d.

Abstract

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been proven to be important biomarkers for disease diagnosis, prognosis and disease pathogenesis. Here, taking the advantages of a self-assembled oligonucleotide sandwich structure and robust chemical reactions, we have developed a simple, high-throughput and effective colorimetric analytical technique termed CuAAC-based ligation-assisted assays (CuAAC-LA) for SNP detection using a DNA-BIND 96-well plate. With the 5'-azide and 3'-alkyne groups labelled on two oligonucleotide probes, the target DNA can direct a Cu(i)-catalyzed alkyne-azide cycloaddition (CuAAC) click reaction. Since the small difference in duplex stability caused by a single-nucleotide mismatch was amplified by the steric effects of these reactive groups for the ligation reaction of an unstable duplex, CuAAC-LA exhibited an ultra-sensitive discrimination ability for a mutant type target in the presence of large amounts of wild type targets. As low as 0.05% SNP could be clearly detected, which was better than most previously reported methods by various DNA ligases, indicating that a simple and rapid synthetic method i.e., the DNA template-directed click reaction held the potential to replace the ligase for SNP detection.

MeSH terms

  • Alkynes / chemistry
  • Armoracia / enzymology
  • Azides / chemistry
  • Benzidines / chemistry
  • Click Chemistry
  • Colorimetry / methods*
  • Coloring Agents / chemistry
  • Cycloaddition Reaction
  • DNA / analysis*
  • DNA / genetics
  • DNA Probes / chemistry
  • DNA Probes / genetics
  • Horseradish Peroxidase / chemistry
  • Immobilized Nucleic Acids / chemistry
  • Immobilized Nucleic Acids / genetics
  • Nucleic Acid Hybridization
  • Oligodeoxyribonucleotides / chemistry
  • Oligodeoxyribonucleotides / genetics
  • Oxidation-Reduction
  • Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide*

Substances

  • Alkynes
  • Azides
  • Benzidines
  • Coloring Agents
  • DNA Probes
  • Immobilized Nucleic Acids
  • Oligodeoxyribonucleotides
  • 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine
  • DNA
  • Horseradish Peroxidase