Objective: To evaluate medication discontinuation, persistence, and adherence of moderate to severe psoriasis patients treated with adalimumab, apremilast, etanercept, secukinumab, and ustekinumab.
Methods: Adult patients diagnosed with psoriasis and ≥1 psoriasis pharmacy or medical claim of any of the five psoriasis medications (index date) and continuous insurance enrollment were included from the Optum Clinformatics database during the intake period (7/1/2014-9/30/2017). Medication discontinuation, persistence, medication possession ratio (MPR), and proportion of days covered (PDC) were evaluated during a 12-month post-index follow-up period, using three gap definitions.
Results: Among the study population (n = 8524), 34.4% initiated adalimumab, 25.7% apremilast, 9.0% etanercept, 7.1% secukinumab, and 23.7% ustekinumab. Mean age ranged from 48.7 to 52.2 years. For all three gap definitions, discontinuation was lowest and persistence greatest among ustekinumab treated patients (48.4% and 59.8%, respectively using the default definition). A greater proportion of ustekinumab patients had an MPR ≥80% (81.8%) than adalimumab (67.9%), apremilast (54.9%), etanercept (56.4%), and secukinumab (68.0%) patients. Also, 50.6% of ustekinumab patients had a PDC ≥80% versus 35.6%, 23.9%, 19.5%, and 41.7% of adalimumab, apremilast, etanercept, and secukinumab patients, respectively.
Conclusions: Although heterogeneity across cohorts may explain some medication utilization differences, ustekinumab was associated with lower discontinuation and greater persistence and adherence.
Keywords: Psoriasis; adherence; discontinuation; persistence; psoriasis medications.