Measuring the Hydrodynamic Linear Response of a Unitary Fermi Gas

Phys Rev Lett. 2019 Oct 18;123(16):160402. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.160402.

Abstract

We directly observe the hydrodynamic linear response of a unitary Fermi gas confined in a box potential and subject to a spatially periodic optical potential that is translated into the cloud at speeds ranging from subsonic to supersonic. We show that the time-dependent change of the density profile is sensitive to the thermal conductivity, which controls the relaxation rate of the temperature gradients and hence the responses arising from adiabatic and isothermal compression.