Phosphorylation of RAB7 by TBK1/IKKε Regulates Innate Immune Signaling in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

Cancer Res. 2020 Jan 1;80(1):44-56. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-19-1310. Epub 2019 Oct 29.

Abstract

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous disease enriched for mutations in PTEN and dysregulation of innate immune signaling. Here, we demonstrate that Rab7, a recently identified substrate of PTEN phosphatase activity, is also a substrate of the innate immune signaling kinases TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1)/IκB kinase ε (IKKε) on the same serine-72 (S72) site. An unbiased search for novel TBK1/IKKε substrates using stable isotope labeling with amino acids in cell culture phosphoproteomic analysis identified Rab7-S72 as a top hit. PTEN-null TNBC cells expressing a phosphomimetic version of Rab7-S72 exhibited diffuse cytosolic Rab7 localization and enhanced innate immune signaling, in contrast to a kinase-resistant version, which localized to active puncta that promote lysosomal-mediated stimulator of interferon genes (STING) degradation. Thus, convergence of PTEN loss and TBK1/IKKε activation on Rab7-S72 phosphorylation limited STING turnover and increased downstream production of IRF3 targets including CXCL10, CCL5, and IFNβ. Consistent with this data, PTEN-null TNBC tumors expressed higher levels of STING, and PTEN-null TNBC cell lines were hyperresponsive to STING agonists. Together, these findings begin to uncover how innate immune signaling is dysregulated downstream of TBK1/IKKε in a subset of TNBCs and reveals previously unrecognized cross-talk with STING recycling that may have implications for STING agonism in the clinic. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings identify Rab7 as a substrate for TBK1 for regulation of innate immune signaling, thereby providing important insight for strategies aimed at manipulating the immune response to enhance therapeutic efficacy in TNBC.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Breast / immunology
  • Breast / pathology
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Female
  • HEK293 Cells
  • Humans
  • I-kappa B Kinase / metabolism*
  • Immunity, Innate*
  • Membrane Proteins / agonists
  • Membrane Proteins / metabolism
  • Mutagenesis, Site-Directed
  • Mutation
  • PTEN Phosphohydrolase / genetics
  • PTEN Phosphohydrolase / metabolism
  • Phosphorylation / genetics
  • Phosphorylation / immunology
  • Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / metabolism*
  • Proteolysis
  • Serine / genetics
  • Serine / metabolism
  • Signal Transduction / immunology
  • Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms / immunology*
  • Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms / pathology
  • rab GTP-Binding Proteins / genetics
  • rab GTP-Binding Proteins / immunology
  • rab GTP-Binding Proteins / metabolism*
  • rab7 GTP-Binding Proteins

Substances

  • Membrane Proteins
  • STING1 protein, human
  • rab7 GTP-Binding Proteins
  • rab7 GTP-binding proteins, human
  • Serine
  • Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases
  • TBK1 protein, human
  • I-kappa B Kinase
  • IKBKE protein, human
  • PTEN Phosphohydrolase
  • PTEN protein, human
  • rab GTP-Binding Proteins