Objective: To study the clinical features and prognosis of bacterial meningitis in full-term and preterm infants.
Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 102 neonates with bacterial meningitis. According to the gestational age, they were divided into a preterm group (n=46) and a full-term group (n=56). The two groups were compared in terms of clinical manifestations, laboratory markers, imaging findings, and clinical outcomes.
Results: Poor response and apnea were the major clinical manifestations in the preterm group (P<0.05), while pyrexia and convulsions were more common in the full-term group (P<0.05). The full-term group had a significantly higher glucose level in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) than the preterm group (P<0.05). Compared with the full-term group, the preterm group had significantly higher C-reactive protein level, positive rate of blood culture, and incidence rate of poor prognosis (P<0.05). There were no significant differences between the two groups in leukocyte count in peripheral blood, levels of leukocytes and protein in CSF, and positive rate of CSF culture (P>0.05).
Conclusions: There are certain differences in the clinical manifestations between full-term and preterm infants with bacterial meningitis. Preterm infants tend to have a higher incidence rate of poor prognosis.
目的: 探讨足月儿和早产儿细菌性脑膜炎的临床特征及转归特点。
方法: 回顾性分析102例新生儿细菌性脑膜炎患儿的临床资料，根据胎龄分为早产儿组（n=46）及足月儿组（n=56），比较两组患儿临床表现、实验室结果、影像学结果及临床转归。
结果: 早产儿组临床表现主要为反应差和呼吸暂停/急促（P < 0.05），足月儿组则以发热及抽搐多见（P < 0.05）。足月儿组脑脊液糖高于早产儿组（P < 0.05），早产儿组C-反应蛋白、血培养阳性率及不良预后发生率高于足月儿组（P < 0.05）。两组外周血白细胞计数、脑脊液白细胞、脑脊液蛋白及脑脊液培养阳性率差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。
结论: 早产儿及足月儿细菌性脑膜炎临床表现有所不同，早产儿组不良预后发生率更高。