Assessing cardiovascular risk in the prerenal transplant population: Comparison of myocardial perfusion imaging and coronary angiography with risk factor stratification

Clin Transplant. 2019 Dec;33(12):e13735. doi: 10.1111/ctr.13735. Epub 2019 Nov 6.

Abstract

Introduction: Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) have a higher incidence of coronary artery disease (CAD). Hence, it is crucial to evaluate CAD before renal transplantation. This study compares the utility of pharmacologic single-photon emission computed-tomography (SPECT) imaging directly to coronary angiography for diagnosis of CAD with correlation to cardiovascular risk factors.

Method: Retrospective review of asymptomatic renal failure patients who underwent both SPECT and coronary angiography to identify obstructive CAD between the years 2008-2016. Ninety-four ESRD subjects were evaluated.

Results: Myocardial perfusion SPECT study found, when compared to coronary angiography demonstrated for CAD, the sensitivity of 93.3% with a specificity of 73.4%. Importantly, the negative predictive value for coronary artery disease was 96%. With seven or more cardiac risk factors, 66.7% of patients had obstructive coronary artery disease. Among all the risk factors examined, patients with a previous history of coronary artery disease had a 68% risk of obstructive coronary artery disease.

Conclusion: Comparing myocardial perfusion imaging SPECT findings with coronary angiography in patients with ESRD, a sensitivity of 93.3% and a specificity of 73% were observed. Of all the risk factors examined, patient with the previous history of CAD was the single most significant risk factor for CAD in 68% of cases.

Keywords: Uremi; cardiovascular disease; chronic kidney disease; congestive heart failure; diabetes; transplantation.

MeSH terms

  • Cardiovascular Diseases / diagnostic imaging
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / etiology
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / pathology*
  • Coronary Angiography / methods*
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Kidney Failure, Chronic / complications*
  • Kidney Failure, Chronic / diagnostic imaging
  • Kidney Transplantation
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Myocardial Perfusion Imaging / methods*
  • Prognosis
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors