Caval-aortic ratio and caudal vena cava diameter in dogs before and after blood donation

Abstract

Objective: To investigate whether the donation of 1 unit of blood results in a significant decrease in the caudal vena cava diameter (CVCd) and the caudal vena cava diameter to aortic diameter (CVCd:Aod) ratio measured at the iliac location.

Interventions: Eight healthy client-owned Greyhounds underwent ultrasound of their caudal vena cava and aorta before and after blood donation. The principal investigator obtained M-mode images of the blood vessels from all dogs and a secondary investigator measured the CVCd and aortic diameter in a blinded manner from stored images. The ratio of CVCd:Aod was then calculated. After assessing for normality, paired-sample t-tests were performed to compare mean values before and after donation.

Main results: The mean (±SD) CVCd before and after blood donation were 15.84 mm (±5.06 mm) and 15.82 mm (±5.42 mm) and the CVCd:Aod ratios were 0.93 (±0.23) and 1.00 (±0.27), respectively. There was no statistical difference between pre- and postdonation values for CVCd (P = 0.99) or CVCd:Aod (P = 0.34).

Conclusion: The measurement of CVCd and CVCd:Aod ratio with ultrasound at the iliac location failed to detect mild-to-moderate blood loss produced by the donation of 1 unit of blood in Greyhounds.

Keywords: blood loss; canine; central venous pressure; ultrasound; vessel diameter.